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The Advanced Medical System (AMS) is largely similar to the [[ACE Medical Basic|Basic Medical System (BMS)]]  but adds more depth and complexity, especially for medics. it's recommended that you read the the [[ACE Medical Basic|Basic Medical System Guide]] before this at it lays down a good foundation to make understanding the AMS easier if you're new to ACE's medical system. 

===== Wound Types =====
The AMS categorises wounds by specific type instead of simply as Minor or Major, as the BMS does. **As you can see, only Avulsions and Velocity Wounds are imminently life threatening.**

^ Type           ^ Description                  ^ Pain             ^ Bleeding         ^ 
| Avulsion       | Tissue ripped away           | Extreme          | Extreme          |
| Velocity       | Bullet / shrapnel wounds     | Extreme          | Medium           |
| Laceration     | Tears                        | Light            | Light to Medium  |         
| Cuts           | Cuts                         | Light            | Depends on size  |
| Crush          | Crush injury                 | Light            | Extremely light  |
| Puncture       | Knives, nails, glass         | Light            | Slow             |
| Contusion      | Bruise                       | Light            | None             |
| Abrasion       | Scrapes                      | Extremely Light  | Extremely light  |

===== Diagnosis =====
==== Responsive ====
//Accessed from: Head//\\
Tells you if the patient is responsive.
==== Check Blood Pressure ====
//Accessed from: Head, Arms//\\
Tells you the blood pressure of the patient.
==== Check pulse ====
//Accessed from: Head, Arms//\\
Tells you the pulse of the patient.

===== Treatment =====
==== Step by Step Treatment ====


Step 1: Is the patient dead? (ragdolled)
  * Yes: Mark as deceased and go to the next patient
  * No: Go to Step 2
Step 2: Is the patient conscious?
  * Yes: Tell them to take cover (lie down, get behind buildings), go to Step 3
  * No: If it's safe for you go to Step 3, otherwise drag (or let someone drag) if possible and go to Step 3
Step 3: Does the patient have heavy damage? (multiple limbs as well as torso and head that are wounded)
  * Yes: Torniquet the damaged limbs, call for help and tell assistants what to do, bandage head and torso in that order, go to step 4
  * No: Go to step 4
Step 4: Does the patient have multiple wounded limbs?
  * Yes: Tourniquet the damaged limbs, treat them after another, remove tourniquets
  * No: Treat limb with most effective bandages at hand (when in doubt, packing bandage)
Step 5: Use surgical kit to stitch up the wounds

Step 6: Is the patient close to death? (systolic blood pressure below 70)
  * Yes: Use IVs to raise blood pressure
  * No: Skip
Step 7: Is the patient in pain?
  * Yes and stable normal pulse: Give morphine
  * Yes and low pulse: Raise pulse before giving morphine
  * No: Skip
Step 8: Is the patient conscious?
  * Yes: You're done
  * No: Periodically check the IV status and their blood pressure, eventually they will wake
==== Bandage ====
//Accessed from: Arms, Legs//\\
Every part of the body can be bandaged if wounded. As in the BMS, head wounds are generally the most serious wounds when bleeding, then torsos and finally limbs. **When bandaging choose them bandage best suited to the wound type. If in doubt, use a packing bandage** (as this is most effective against the two most dangerous wounds). 

=== Bandage Effectiveness Cheat Sheet ===
^ Bandage Type   ^ Abrasion    ^ Avulsion  ^ Contusion  ^ Crush    ^ Cut     ^ Laceration  ^ Velocity  ^ Puncture
| Basic          | Highest     | Low       | Highest    | Medium   | Low     | High        | Low       | Medium
| Packing        | Highest     | Highest   | Highest    | Medium   | Lowest  | Low         | Highest   | Low
| Elastic        | Highest     | Low       | Highest    | Highest  | Highest | Highest     | Medium    | Highest
| QuikClot       | High        | Lowest    | High       | High     | High    | High        | High      | Medium


==== Tourniquet ====
//Accessed from: Arms, Legs//\\
**Tourniquets can be applied to arms and legs to slow bleeding from them when wounded**. Only use this as a stop gap while you bandage and remove as soon as possible. Prolonged used of a tourniquet will cause pain to the patient.

==== Autoinjectors ====
Autoinjectors are **used to manage pain and heart rate**.
=== Morphine ===
//Accessed from: Arms, Legs//\\
  * Suppresses pain.\\
  * Lowers blood pressure\\
  * Lowers heart rate\\
=== Epinephrine ===
//Accessed from: Arms, Legs//\\
  * Raise heart rate\\
=== Atropine ===
//Accessed from: Arms, Legs//\\
  * Lower heart rate\\

==== IVs ====
IVs are **used to increase blood pressure**.\\
//Accessed from: Arms, Legs//\\
All IVs increase blood pressure. 

==== Kits ====
=== Personal Aid Kit (PAK) ===
  * **Fully heals soldier** (resets medical history)
  * May be limited to certain classes / proximity to vehicle or facility (depends on settings)
  * May require stable vitals (depends on settings)

=== Surgical Kit ===
  * Only used if Opening Wounds is enabled
  * **Stitches a wound closed**
  * May be limited to certain classes / proximity to vehicle or facility (depends on settings)
  * May require stable vitals (depends on settings)

==== Maintaining Vitals ====
Ultimately if your patient dies it will be because their blood pressure was too high or too low. Everything you do to treat them will ultimately be in service of //maintaining their vitals//. Failing to do so will result in Cardiac Arrest. **Understanding how how blood pressure and heart rate affect their health of your patient to prevent Cardiac Arrest will make you a much more effective medic.**

=== Causes of Cardiac Arrest ===
When checking blood pressure, systolic blood pressure is the number on the left and the diastolic blood pressure is the number on the right.\\
HR = Heart Rate. SBP = Systolic Blood Pressure. CA = Cardiac Arrest\\
If diastolic blood pressure is below 40 and the heart rate is above 190 Cardiac Arrest will also result. 
|                | SBP Normal  | SBP > 145  | SBP > 260 
| HR < 20        | CA          | CA         | CA       
| HR Normal      | --          | --         | CA
| HR > 150       | --          | CA         | CA 
| HR > 200       | CA          | CA         | CA      


=== Blood Pressure ===
Lowered by:
  * Blood loss
Raised by:
  * Blood / Plasma / Saline
Categories:
  * **Non existent:** 0 - 20 Systolic
  * **Low:** 20 - 100 Systolic
  * **Normal:** 100 - 160 Systolic
  * **High:** 160+ Systolic

=== Heart Rate ===
Lowered by:
  * Morphine
  * Atropine
Raised by:
  * Epinephrine
Categories:
  * **Low:** 45-
  * **Normal:** 46 - 119
  * **High:** 120+

===== Dangers =====
  * Epinephrine should NEVER be used in case of cardiac arrest as it might make the patient harder to treat or kill them.
  * Giving too much morphine to a patient (more than one every 10 minutes) will put him in cardiac arrest due to low blood pressure

===== Acknowledgement =====
This document is largely a reformated verion of the [[http://ace3mod.com/wiki/feature/medical-system.html#2-2-4-additional-informations|official ACE documentation]] and a work in progress document authored by:
  * Russels
  * Riley
  * KmO
  * zebraminge
  * Dick Nixon

Many thanks for laying the ground work for this document.